Thailand
Technical, Economic, Carbon Footprint Assessment, and Prioritizing Stations for Hydrogen Production Using Wind Energy: A Case Study
Jul 2021
Publication
While Afghanistan’s power sector is almost completely dependent on fossil fuels it still cannot meet the rising power demand of this country. Deploying a combination of renewable energy systems with hydrogen production as the excess energy storage mechanism could be a sustainable long-term approach for addressing some of the energy problems of Afghanistan. Since Badakhshan is known to have a higher average wind speed than any other Afghan province in this study a technical economic and carbon footprint assessment was performed to investigate the potential for wind power and hydrogen production in this province. Wind data of four stations in Badakhshan were used for technical assessment for three heights of 10 30 and 40 m using the Weibull probability distribution function. This technical assessment was expanded by estimating the energy pattern factor probability of wind speeds greater than 5 m/s wind power density annual power output and annual hydrogen output. This was followed by an economic assessment which involved computing the Leveled Cost Of Energy (LCOE) the Leveled Cost Of Hydrogen (LCOH) and the payback period and finally an carbon footprint assessment which involved estimating the consequent CO2 reduction in two scenarios. The assessments were performed for 22 turbines manufactured by reputable companies with capacities ranging from 600 kW to 2.3 MW. The results showed that the entire Badakhshan province and especially Qal’eh-ye Panjeh and Fayazabad have excellent potentials in terms of wind energy that can be harvested for wind power and hydrogen production. Also wind power generation in this province will be highly cost-effective as the produced electricity will cost about one-third of the price of electricity supplied by the government. For better evaluation the GIS maps of wind power and hydrogen outputs were prepared using the IDW method. These maps showed that the eastern and northeastern parts of Badakhshan province have higher wind power-hydrogen production potentials. The results of ranking the stations with SWARA-EDAS hybrid MCDM methods showed that Qal’eh-ye Panjeh station was the best location to produce hydrogen from wind energy.
Evaluation of Sourcing Decision for Hydrogen Supply Chain Using an Integrated Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) Tool
Apr 2023
Publication
The use of fossil fuels has caused many environmental issues including greenhouse gas emissions and associated climate change. Several studies have focused on mitigating this problem. One dynamic direction for emerging sources of future renewable energy is the use of hydrogen energy. In this research we evaluate the sourcing decision for a hydrogen supply chain in the context of a case study in Thailand using group decision making analysis for policy implications. We use an integrative multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) tool which includes an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) fuzzy AHP (FAHP) and data envelopment analysis (DEA) to analyze weighted criteria and sourcing alternatives using data collected from a group of selected experts. A list of criteria related to sustainability paradigms and sourcing decisions for possible use of hydrogen energy including natural gas coal biomass and water are evaluated. Our results reveal that political acceptance is considered the most important criterion with a global weight of 0.514 in the context of Thailand. Additionally natural gas is found to be the foreseeable source for hydrogen production in Thailand with a global weight of 0.313. We also note that the analysis is based on specific data inputs and that an alternative with a lower score does not imply that the source is not worth exploring.
Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer Modeling for Power Electronics Control: A Short Review
May 2020
Publication
The main purpose of this article is to provide a short review of proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEMEL) modeling used for power electronics control. So far three types of PEMEL modeling have been adopted in the literature: resistive load static load (including an equivalent resistance series-connected with a DC voltage generator representing the reversible voltage) and dynamic load (taking into consideration the dynamics both at the anode and the cathode). The modeling of the load is crucial for control purposes since it may have an impact on the performance of the system. This article aims at providing essential information and comparing the different load modeling.
Green Hydrogen and Electrical Power Production through the Integration of CO2 Capturing from Biogas: Process Optimization and Dynamic Control
Jun 2021
Publication
This study describes the optimization of a modelling process concerning biogas’ use to generate green hydrogen and electrical power. The Aspen Plus simulation tool is used to model the procedure and the approach employed to limit the emissions of gas from the hydrogen production process will be the CO2 capture method. This technique uses slack lime (Ca(OH)2) to absorb CO2 capture since it is readily available. The study analyzes many critical parameters in the process including the temperature and pressure in the steam reforming (SR) and the water gas shift (WGS) reactions along with the steam to carbon ratio (S/C) to determine how the production of green hydrogen and electrical power will be influenced. Electricity generation is achieved by taking the residual water from the SR WGS carbonation reactions and converting it to the vapour phase allowing the steam to pass through the turbine to generate electricity. To examine the effects of the synchronized critical parameters response surface methodology (RSM) was used thus allowing the optimal operational conditions to be determined in the form of an optimized zone for operation. The result of parameter optimization gave the maximum green hydrogen production of 211.46 kmol/hr and electric power production of 2311.68 kWh representing increases of 34.86% and 5.62% respectively when using 100 kmol/hr of biogas. In addition control structures were also built to control the reactors’ temperature in the dynamic section. The tuning parameters can control the SR and WGS system’s reactor to maintain the system in approximately 0.29 h and 0.32 h respectively.
Performance and Cost Analysis of Hydrogen Production from Steam Reforming and Dehydrogenation of Ethanol
Aug 2020
Publication
Mitigation of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission has been a worldwide concern. Decreasing CO2 emission by converting it into higher value products such as methanol can be a promising way. However hydrogen (H2) cost and availability are one of key barriers to CO2 conversion. Ethanol can be a sustainable source for H2 due to its renewable nature and easy conversion to H2-rich gas mixtures through ethanol steam reforming process. Nevertheless steam reforming of ethanol generates CO2. Hence this research is focused on different methods of H2 productions about a 1665.47 t/y from ethanol for supplying to methanol plants was performed using Aspen PLUS V10. The ethanol steam reforming process required the lowest required ethanol feed for a certain amount of H2. In contrast the ethanol steam reforming process presented significant amount of CO2 emission from reaction and electricity consumption. But the ethanol dehydrogenation of ethanol not only generates H2 without CO2 emission from the reaction but also ethyl acetate or acetaldehyde which are value chemicals. However ethanol dehydrogenation processes in case II and III presented relatively higher cost because by-products (ethyl acetate or acetaldehyde) were rather difficult to be separated.
No more items...