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Optimal Energy Management in a Standalone Microgrid, with Photovoltaic Generation, Short-Term Storage, and Hydrogen Production

Abstract

This paper addresses the energy management of a standalone renewable energy system. The system is configured as a microgrid, including photovoltaic generation, a lead-acid battery as a short term energy storage system, hydrogen production, and several loads. In this microgrid, an energy management strategy has been incorporated that pursues several objectives. On the one hand, it aims to minimize the amount of energy cycled in the battery, in order to reduce the associated losses and battery size. On the other hand, it seeks to take advantage of the long-term surplus energy, producing hydrogen and extracting it from the system, to be used in a fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle. A crucial factor in this approach is to accommodate the energy consumption to the energy demand and to achieve this, a model predictive control (MPC) scheme is proposed. In this context, proper models for solar estimation, hydrogen production, and battery energy storage will be presented. Moreover, the controller is capable of advancing or delaying the deferrable loads from its prescheduled time. As a result, a stable and efficient supply with a relatively small battery is obtained. Finally, the proposed control scheme has been validated on a real case scenario.

Funding source: This work has been partially funded by the Spanish national project DOVELAR ref. RTI2018-096001-B-C32 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE). This work is supported by the Spanish State Research Agency through the María de Maeztu Seal of Excellence to IRI (MDM-2016-0656). This work is partially funded by AGAUR of Generalitat de Catalunya through the Advanced Control Systems (SAC) group grant (2017 SGR 482). This work has been done with the support of ACCIÓ (Operational Program FEDER Catalunya 2014-2020) through the REFER project (COMRDI15-1-0036-11).
Related subjects: Applications & Pathways
Countries: Spain
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/content/journal4141
2020-03-20
2024-11-12
/content/journal4141
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