The European Hydrogen Market Landscape - November 2024

This report aims to summarise the status of the European hydrogen market landscape. It is based on the information available at the European Hydrogen Observatory (EHO) initiative, the leading source of data on hydrogen in Europe, exploring the basic concepts, latest trends, and role of hydrogen in the energy transition. The data presented in this report is based on research conducted until the end of September 2024. This report contains information on current hydrogen production and trade, distribution, and storage, end-use, cost and technology manufacturing as of the end of 2023, except if stated otherwise, in Europe. A substantial portion of the data gathering was carried out within the framework of Hydrogen Europe's efforts for the European Hydrogen Observatory. Downloadable spreadsheets of the data can be accessed on the website: https://observatory.clean-hydrogen.europa.eu/. The production and trade section provides insights into hydrogen production capacity and production output by technology in Europe and into international hydrogen trade (export and import) to and between European countries. The section referring to distribution and storage presents the location and main attributes of operational dedicated hydrogen pipelines and storage facilities, as well as publicly accessible and operational hydrogen refuelling stations in Europe. The end-use section provides information on annual hydrogen consumption per end-use in Europe, the deployment of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles in Europe, the current and future hydrogen Valleys in Europe, and the leading scenarios for future hydrogen demand in Europe in 2030, 2040 and 2050 by sector. The cost chapter offers a comprehensive examination of the levelised cost of hydrogen production by technology and country. This chapter also gives estimations of renewable hydrogen break-even prices for different end-use applications, in addition to electrolyser cost components by technology. Finally, a chapter on technologies manufacturing explores data on the European electrolyser manufacturing capacity and sales, and the fuel cell market.